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<resEd>Version 2.0 (California Geological Survey 150th Anniversiary Edition)</resEd>
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<rpOrgName>Charles W. Jennings, with modifications by Carlos Gutierrez, William Bryant, George Saucedo and Chris Wills, California Geological Survey, Department of Conservation</rpOrgName>
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<otherCitDet>Charles W. Jennings, with modifications by Carlos Gutierrez, William Bryant, George Saucedo and Chris Wills Digital preparation by: Milind Patel, Jim Thompson, Barbara Wanish and Milton Fonseca.</otherCitDet>
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<idAbs>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;This edition of the Geologic Map of California was prepared in recognition of the California Geological Survey's 150th Anniversary. It is an all-digital product built on the original compilation of C.W. Jennings published in 1977, with some additions and modifications. The Geologic Map of California presents an overview of the geology and structure of the state. It represents the geologic features that one would find on a visit to any locality in the state. The restraints of scale limit the detail that can be shown, but the most important geologic features are portrayed. The distribution of the major rock types and the major structural elements are shown with sufficient detail to be useful for many purposes. Please see the map pamphlet (included in this digital package as a PDF document) for further information.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</idAbs>
<idPurp>Generalized rock types derived from geologic units in the Geologic Map of California.</idPurp>
<idCredit>Charles W. Jennings, with modifications by Carlos Gutierrez, William Bryant, George Saucedo and Chris Wills</idCredit>
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<delPoint>801 K Street, MS 12-32</delPoint>
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<useLimit>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;To ensure currentness, this dataset must be obtained from the Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey.Upon receipt of this data set, all users are subject to copyright restrictions as follows: copyright 2010 Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey. All rights reserved. No part of this dataset may be reproduced, transmitted, or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of the California Geological Survey except as follows. Permission is granted to reproduce under the following conditions: 1) for personal use, 2) for publication in a report in unmodified form; cite on figure or in text as "Reproduced with permission from [title], [authors], [date], California Geological Survey", and 3) for publication in a report in modified form; cite on figure or in text as "Modified from [title], [authors], [date], California Geological Survey". (See above for appropriate title, authors, and date.)&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</useLimit>
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<measDesc>Some simplification was necessary to make a legible map at 1:750,000 scale.</measDesc>
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<measDesc>Data were checked against the original source materials by the author(s). Although every effort was made to maintain and ensure the accuracy of this dataset, several potential sources of error remain. Users of this dataset should be aware of the difference between precision and accuracy. While digital data can be reproduced precisely at any scale, the accuracy of the data remains constant.</measDesc>
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<measDesc>Most or all of the data in this map were digitized from hard copy maps. Users of this dataset should be aware of the inherent potential for error in the processes of plotting, drafting, and digitization. For example, a plotting error of one line width equal to 0.5 mm at 1:750,000 scale could cause a location error of approximately 375 meters on the ground.</measDesc>
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<resTitle>GIS data for the geologic map of California</resTitle>
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<pubDate>2000-12-31</pubDate>
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<rpOrgName>Saucedo, G.J., Bedford, D.R., Raines, G.L., Miller, R.J., and Wentworth, C.M., California Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey</rpOrgName>
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<resTitle>Geologic Map of California</resTitle>
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<rpOrgName>Jennings, C.W. (Compiler), California Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey</rpOrgName>
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<stepDesc>Correction of Spatial Errors: During preparation of the original digital data set, which included digitizing and editing scanned mylar copies of the Jennings 1977 publication plates, it was noted that the north and south parts of the map were presented at slightly different scales (Saucedo and others, 2000). This inconsistency was likely inherited during the preparation of the original base map used in printing the 1977 edition. The base was a composite of the north and south halves of the 1:500,000-scale U.S. Geological Survey state map series, photographically reduced to publication scale (1:750,000), and spliced together. Although an attempt was made to correct this problem while georeferencing the scanned image, spatial errors of up to 1 km remained in the original data set, especially near the seam between the north and south halves and along the coast. In an attempt to eliminate or at least minimize the spatial error, the digital file was warped using features common to the geologic map and a precisely registered hydrologic data set. Features such as the coastline, and lakes were used for this purpose. The resulting file still contains location errors but they have been reduced significantly and are largely within the National Map Accuracy Standards for this scale of map.</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2009-12-31</stepDateTm>
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<prcStep>
<stepDesc>Modifications to Faults: The 2010 edition of the Geologic Map of California includes modifications to the fault traces depicted on the original map by Jennings (1977). Many faults have been added (Figure 1, in pamphlet), modified, or deleted (Figure 2, in pamphlet) for consistency with the 2010 edition of the Fault Activity Map of California (Jennings and Bryant, 2010), which is a companion to this geologic map. The new version of the Fault Activity Map of California presents a much more detailed depiction of faults in California than previous versions. Faults active in the Quaternary (2.6 Ma) were digitized from their original sources in order to preserve as much of the original detail as possible. The faults in the offshore region of the geologic map were replaced with un-simplified fault traces from the new fault map. However, due to the complexity of the onshore geologic data depicted on the Geologic Map of California, it was not technically feasible to incorporate the new detailed fault data in its entirety. A comparison of the datasets was made and numerous fault traces identified as either poorly mapped or mislocated on the original geologic map were replaced with simplified fault traces based on the new fault map (Appendix A, in pamphlet). In addition, several faults that have been mapped since the compilation of the original geologic map were also identified and added, and traces no longer believed to be faults were removed. Although the modification of faults in some areas necessitated the modification of bedrock geology adjacent to those faults, the distribution of bedrock geologic units compiled by Jennings (1977) has otherwise not been updated. In general, the Quaternary faults shown in the onshore region of this map are intended to be a simplified representation of the faults depicted on the Fault Activity Map.</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2010-02-28</stepDateTm>
</prcStep>
<prcStep>
<stepDesc>Modifications to Quaternary Alluvium: The depiction of Quaternary geologic units on the original map by Jennings (1977) was simplified by the author who noted that "various surficial deposits of Quaternary age are lumped into the unit 'Q'." Since Jennings' work, subdivisions of these deposits have been found to have very different potential for liquefaction and for amplification of seismic shaking. Relative age of Quaternary alluvial fan deposits have also been found to correlate with potential for flooding. Since these units are important for evaluation of geologic hazards, the 2010 update of the geologic map includes a subdivision of Jennings "Q" into younger alluvium "Q" and older alluvium "Qoa" (Figure 3, in pamphlet). Boundaries of older and younger alluvium were digitized from the 1:250,000 scale Geologic Atlas of California, compiled from 1958 to 1974 and the Regional Geologic Map series, compiled from 1981 to 1992. These boundaries were then incorporated into the geologic map and used to subdivide the preexisting "Q" polygons.</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2010-06-30</stepDateTm>
</prcStep>
<prcStep>
<stepDesc>Fault incorrectly labeled as "BENNET VALLEY FAULT". Label changed to "BARTLETT SPRINGS FAULT".</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2013-02-07</stepDateTm>
</prcStep>
<prcStep>
<stepDesc>Export to ArcSDE</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2015-11-30</stepDateTm>
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<attrdef>PTYPE field records polygon types. Possible PTYPE field values include:
C: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Carboniferous) - Shale, sandstone, conglomerate, limestone, dolomite, chert, hornfels, marble, quartzite; in part pyroclastic rocks. Ca: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cambrian) - Sandstone, shale, limestone, dolomite, chert, quartzite, and phyllite; includes some rocks that are possibly Precambrian. D: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Devonian) - Limestone and dolomite, sandstone and shale; in part tuffaceous. E: Marine sedimentary rocks (Eocene) - Shale, sandstone, conglomerate, minor limestone; mostly well consolidated. Ec: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Eocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate; moderately to well consolidated. E-Ep: Marine sedimentary rocks (Eocene-Paleocene) - Units E and Ep, undifferentiated. Ep: Marine sedimentary rocks (Paleocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. gb: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Gabbro and dark dioritic rocks; chiefly Mesozoic. gr: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic to pre-Cambrian) - Undated granitic rocks. grCz: Plutonic rocks (Tertiary) - Cenozoic (Tertiary) granitic rocks - quartz monzonite, quartz latite, and minor monzonite, granodiorite, and granite; found in the Kingston, Panamint, Amargosa, and Greenwater Ranges in southeastern California. grCz?: Plutonic rocks (Tertiary) - Cenozoic (Tertiary) granitic rocks - quartz monzonite, quartz latite, and minor monzonite, granodiorite, and granite; found in the Kingston, Panamint, Amargosa, and Greenwater Ranges in southeastern California. gr-m: Mixed rocks (Mesozoic to pre-Cambrian) - Granitic and metamorphic rocks, mostly gneiss and other metamorphic rocks injected by granitic rocks. Mesozoic to Precambrian. grMz: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Mesozoic granite, quartz monzonite, granodiorite, and quartz diorite. grMz?: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Mesozoic granite, quartz monzonite, granodiorite, and quartz diorite. grpC: plutonic rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Precambrian granite, syenite, anorthosite, and gabbroic rocks in the San Gabriel Mountains; also various Precambrian plutonic rocks elsewhere in southeastern California. grpC?: plutonic rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Precambrian granite, syenite, anorthosite, and gabbroic rocks in the San Gabriel Mountains; also various Precambrian plutonic rocks elsewhere in southeastern California. grPz: plutonic rocks (Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic) - Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic granitic rocks in the San Gabriel and Klamath Mountains. J: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Jurassic) - Shale, sandstone, minor conglomerate, chert, slate, limestone; minor pyroclastic rocks.
J?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Jurassic) - Shale, sandstone, minor conglomerate, chert, slate, limestone; minor pyroclastic rocks. K: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous) - Undivided Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; minor nonmarine rocks in Peninsular Ranges. K?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous) - Undivided Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; minor nonmarine rocks in Peninsular Ranges. KJf: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Franciscan Complex: Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstone with smaller amounts of shale, chert, limestone, and conglomerate. Includes Franciscan melange, except where separated - see KJfm. KJfm: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Melange of fragmented and sheared Franciscan Complex rocks. KJfs: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Blueschist and semi-schist of Franciscan Complex. Kl: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Lower Cretaceous) - Lower Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Kl?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Lower Cretaceous) - Lower Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Ku: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Upper Cretaceous) - Upper Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Ku-Ep: marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleocene-Cretaceous) - Units Ep and Ku, undifferentiated. ls: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic or Mesozoic) - Limestone, dolomite, and marble whose age is uncertain but probably Paleozoic or Mesozoic. m: Mixed rocks (pre-Cenozoic) - Undivided pre-Cenozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of great variety. Mostly slate, quartzite, hornfels, chert, phyllite, mylonite, schist, gneiss, and minor marble. M: Marine sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate, and breccia; moderately to well consolidated. M?: Marine sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate, and breccia; moderately to well consolidated. M+KJfs: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Tertiary-Cretaceous) - Units M and KJfs, undifferentiated Mc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate, and fanglomerate; moderately to well consolidated. mv: Metavolcanic rocks (pre-Cenozoic) - Undivided pre-Cenozoic metavolcanic rocks. Includes latite, dacite, tuff, and greenstone; commonly schistose. Mzv: Metavolcanic rocks (Mesozoic) - Undivided Mesozoic volcanic and metavolcanic rocks. Andesite and rhyolite flow rocks, greenstone, volcanic breccia and other pyroclastic rocks; in part strongly metamorphosed. Includes volcanic rocks of Franciscan Complex: basaltic pillow lava, diabase, greenstone, and minor pyroclastic rocks. O: Marine sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. Oc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. Oc?: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. P: Marine sedimentary rocks (Pliocene) - Sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly moderately consolidated. pC: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Conglomerate, shale, sandstone, limestone, dolomite, marble, gneiss, hornfels, and quartzite; may be Paleozoic in part. pCc: Mixed rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Complex of Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks. Mostly gneiss and schist intruded by igneous rocks; may be Mesozoic in part. Pm: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Permian) - Shale, conglomerate, limestone and dolomite, sandstone, slate, hornfels, quartzite; minor pyroclastic rocks. Pz: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic) - Undivided Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. Includes slate, sandstone, shale, chert, conglomerate, limestone, dolomite, marble, phyllite, schist, hornfels, and quartzite. Pzv: Metavolcanic rocks (Paleozoic) - Undivided Paleozoic metavolcanic rocks. Mostly flows, breccia, and tuff, including greenstone, diabase and pillow lavas; minor interbedded sedimentary rocks. Q: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits; unconsolidated and semi-consolidated. Mostly nonmarine, but includes marine deposits near the coast. Qg: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Glacial till and moraines. Found at high elevations mostly in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains. Qls: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Selected large landslides, such as the Blackhawk Slide on the north side of San Gabriel Mountains; early to late Quaternary. Qoa: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene) - Older alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits. QPc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Pliocene and/or Pleistocene sandstone, shale, and gravel deposits; mostly loosely consolidated. Qrv: Volcanic rocks (Holocene) - Recent (Holocene) volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qrvp: Volcanic rocks (Holocene) - Recent (Holocene) pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. Qs: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Extensive marine and nonmarine sand deposits, generally near the coast or desert playas. Qv: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qv?: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qvp: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. Qvp?: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. sch: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic or Mesozoic) - Schists of various types; mostly Paleozoic or Mesozoic age; some Precambrian. SO: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Silurian-Ordivician) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate, chert, slate, quartzite, hornfels, marble, dolomite, phyllite; some greenstone. Tc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Tertiary) - Undivided Tertiary sandstone, shale, conglomerate, breccia, and ancient lake deposits. Ti: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary intrusive rocks; mostly shallow (hypabyssal) plugs and dikes. TK: marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Tertiary-Cretaceous) - Sandstone, shale, and minor conglomerate in coastal belt of northwestern California; included by some in Franciscan Complex. Previously considered Cretaceous, but now known to contain early Tertiary microfossils in places. Tr: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Triassic) - Shale, conglomerate, limestone and dolomite, sandstone, slate, hornfels, quartzite; minor pyroclastic rocks. Tv: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits
Tvp: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits.
um: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Ultramafic rocks, mostly serpentine. Minor peridotite, gabbro, and diabase; chiefly Mesozoic. water: water
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<attrdef>General description of the formation's lithology</attrdef>
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<attrdef>Geologic age of the formation</attrdef>
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<attrdef>PTYPE field records polygon types. Possible PTYPE field values include:
C: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Carboniferous) - Shale, sandstone, conglomerate, limestone, dolomite, chert, hornfels, marble, quartzite; in part pyroclastic rocks. Ca: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cambrian) - Sandstone, shale, limestone, dolomite, chert, quartzite, and phyllite; includes some rocks that are possibly Precambrian. D: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Devonian) - Limestone and dolomite, sandstone and shale; in part tuffaceous. E: Marine sedimentary rocks (Eocene) - Shale, sandstone, conglomerate, minor limestone; mostly well consolidated. Ec: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Eocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate; moderately to well consolidated. E-Ep: Marine sedimentary rocks (Eocene-Paleocene) - Units E and Ep, undifferentiated. Ep: Marine sedimentary rocks (Paleocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. gb: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Gabbro and dark dioritic rocks; chiefly Mesozoic. gr: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic to pre-Cambrian) - Undated granitic rocks. grCz: Plutonic rocks (Tertiary) - Cenozoic (Tertiary) granitic rocks - quartz monzonite, quartz latite, and minor monzonite, granodiorite, and granite; found in the Kingston, Panamint, Amargosa, and Greenwater Ranges in southeastern California. grCz?: Plutonic rocks (Tertiary) - Cenozoic (Tertiary) granitic rocks - quartz monzonite, quartz latite, and minor monzonite, granodiorite, and granite; found in the Kingston, Panamint, Amargosa, and Greenwater Ranges in southeastern California. gr-m: Mixed rocks (Mesozoic to pre-Cambrian) - Granitic and metamorphic rocks, mostly gneiss and other metamorphic rocks injected by granitic rocks. Mesozoic to Precambrian. grMz: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Mesozoic granite, quartz monzonite, granodiorite, and quartz diorite. grMz?: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Mesozoic granite, quartz monzonite, granodiorite, and quartz diorite. grpC: plutonic rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Precambrian granite, syenite, anorthosite, and gabbroic rocks in the San Gabriel Mountains; also various Precambrian plutonic rocks elsewhere in southeastern California. grpC?: plutonic rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Precambrian granite, syenite, anorthosite, and gabbroic rocks in the San Gabriel Mountains; also various Precambrian plutonic rocks elsewhere in southeastern California. grPz: plutonic rocks (Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic) - Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic granitic rocks in the San Gabriel and Klamath Mountains. J: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Jurassic) - Shale, sandstone, minor conglomerate, chert, slate, limestone; minor pyroclastic rocks.
J?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Jurassic) - Shale, sandstone, minor conglomerate, chert, slate, limestone; minor pyroclastic rocks. K: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous) - Undivided Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; minor nonmarine rocks in Peninsular Ranges. K?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous) - Undivided Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; minor nonmarine rocks in Peninsular Ranges. KJf: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Franciscan Complex: Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstone with smaller amounts of shale, chert, limestone, and conglomerate. Includes Franciscan melange, except where separated - see KJfm. KJfm: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Melange of fragmented and sheared Franciscan Complex rocks. KJfs: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Cretaceous-Jurassic) - Blueschist and semi-schist of Franciscan Complex. Kl: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Lower Cretaceous) - Lower Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Kl?: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Lower Cretaceous) - Lower Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Ku: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Upper Cretaceous) - Upper Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Ku-Ep: marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleocene-Cretaceous) - Units Ep and Ku, undifferentiated. ls: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic or Mesozoic) - Limestone, dolomite, and marble whose age is uncertain but probably Paleozoic or Mesozoic. m: Mixed rocks (pre-Cenozoic) - Undivided pre-Cenozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of great variety. Mostly slate, quartzite, hornfels, chert, phyllite, mylonite, schist, gneiss, and minor marble. M: Marine sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate, and breccia; moderately to well consolidated. M?: Marine sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate, and breccia; moderately to well consolidated. M+KJfs: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Tertiary-Cretaceous) - Units M and KJfs, undifferentiated Mc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Miocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate, and fanglomerate; moderately to well consolidated. mv: Metavolcanic rocks (pre-Cenozoic) - Undivided pre-Cenozoic metavolcanic rocks. Includes latite, dacite, tuff, and greenstone; commonly schistose. Mzv: Metavolcanic rocks (Mesozoic) - Undivided Mesozoic volcanic and metavolcanic rocks. Andesite and rhyolite flow rocks, greenstone, volcanic breccia and other pyroclastic rocks; in part strongly metamorphosed. Includes volcanic rocks of Franciscan Complex: basaltic pillow lava, diabase, greenstone, and minor pyroclastic rocks. O: Marine sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. Oc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. Oc?: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Oligocene) - Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly well consolidated. P: Marine sedimentary rocks (Pliocene) - Sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate; mostly moderately consolidated. pC: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Conglomerate, shale, sandstone, limestone, dolomite, marble, gneiss, hornfels, and quartzite; may be Paleozoic in part. pCc: Mixed rocks (pre-Cambrian) - Complex of Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks. Mostly gneiss and schist intruded by igneous rocks; may be Mesozoic in part. Pm: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Permian) - Shale, conglomerate, limestone and dolomite, sandstone, slate, hornfels, quartzite; minor pyroclastic rocks. Pz: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic) - Undivided Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. Includes slate, sandstone, shale, chert, conglomerate, limestone, dolomite, marble, phyllite, schist, hornfels, and quartzite. Pzv: Metavolcanic rocks (Paleozoic) - Undivided Paleozoic metavolcanic rocks. Mostly flows, breccia, and tuff, including greenstone, diabase and pillow lavas; minor interbedded sedimentary rocks. Q: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits; unconsolidated and semi-consolidated. Mostly nonmarine, but includes marine deposits near the coast. Qg: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Glacial till and moraines. Found at high elevations mostly in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains. Qls: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Selected large landslides, such as the Blackhawk Slide on the north side of San Gabriel Mountains; early to late Quaternary. Qoa: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene) - Older alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits. QPc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Pliocene and/or Pleistocene sandstone, shale, and gravel deposits; mostly loosely consolidated. Qrv: Volcanic rocks (Holocene) - Recent (Holocene) volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qrvp: Volcanic rocks (Holocene) - Recent (Holocene) pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. Qs: Marine and nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Pleistocene-Holocene) - Extensive marine and nonmarine sand deposits, generally near the coast or desert playas. Qv: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qv?: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits. Qvp: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. Qvp?: Volcanic rocks (Quaternary) - Quaternary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. sch: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Paleozoic or Mesozoic) - Schists of various types; mostly Paleozoic or Mesozoic age; some Precambrian. SO: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Silurian-Ordivician) - Sandstone, shale, conglomerate, chert, slate, quartzite, hornfels, marble, dolomite, phyllite; some greenstone. Tc: Nonmarine (continental) sedimentary rocks (Tertiary) - Undivided Tertiary sandstone, shale, conglomerate, breccia, and ancient lake deposits. Ti: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary intrusive rocks; mostly shallow (hypabyssal) plugs and dikes. TK: marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Tertiary-Cretaceous) - Sandstone, shale, and minor conglomerate in coastal belt of northwestern California; included by some in Franciscan Complex. Previously considered Cretaceous, but now known to contain early Tertiary microfossils in places. Tr: Marine sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (Triassic) - Shale, conglomerate, limestone and dolomite, sandstone, slate, hornfels, quartzite; minor pyroclastic rocks. Tv: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits
Tvp: Volcanic rocks (Tertiary) - Tertiary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits.
um: Plutonic rocks (Mesozoic) - Ultramafic rocks, mostly serpentine. Minor peridotite, gabbro, and diabase; chiefly Mesozoic. water: water
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